Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Periodontal Health: A Pilot Study at Dental Teaching Hospital in Multan

Abstract

Objective: Various studies have proven a relationship between prolonged uncontrolled glycemic levels due to diabetes and periodontal destruction. Dental care providers must be aware of this condition to educate the patients. Despite multiple global publications, regional data from Pakistan, particularly from Multan remains limited. This study aims to reinforce and establish the correlation and educate the population as well as dental practitioners.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from July 2023 to October 2023. 54 samples were collected having age range 30-60 years of both genders. Periodontal health was assessed by checking Probing Pocket Depths, Gingival Index and Plaque Index. Fasting Blood Sugar levels were checked to assess blood glucose levels.                         

Results: The results concluded that subjects with fasting blood sugar levels more than 200mg/dl and having diabetes for more than 5 years had more severity of periodontal destruction as compared to those with good glycemic controls.

Conclusion: Increased blood sugar levels for a prolonged period can cause periodontal destruction. Diabetic dental patients must be educated about the adverse effects of diabetes on tooth supporting structures.